The only concerto for violoncello and orchestra by Josef Myslivecek (1737–1781) was composed around 1770. It is most likely Myslivecek's own arrangement of his Violin Concerto No. 2, which he probably wrote for the cellist Antonio Vandini, who was in Padua during Myslivecek’s stay there between 1768 and 1774. Because of the transcription, the cello part is often in the higher registers and is quite demanding. Unknown for a long time, this work is now one of the most important concertos of the classical period within the cello repertoire alongside the two Haydn concertos.

This Urtext edition presents the concerto in its original form for the first time. As the autograph is lost, editor Vojtech Spurný has chosen a contemporary copy of the parts including the solo part as his main source. This copy must have been made before 1800 and can be found in the archives of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna. The wellknown Czech cellist Tomáš Jamník has provided the solo part with notes on interpretation.